Orang Utan Profil

Orangutan is the one - the only great apes (primates do not caudate) are still living in the continent of Asia and most of the population is in Indonesia. The results of the study of genetics, morphology, ecology, behavior, and life history, orangutans can be divided into two types (Delgado & van Schaik, 2001; Groves, 2001; Zang et al, 2001), namely: Pongo abelii located in North Sumatra and Aceh later Pongo pygmaeus spread in Borneo (West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, East Kalimantan; Sarawak and Sabah in Malaysia).

Special at Borneo orangutan population found that genetic variation in the morphology and regrouped into three subspecies (Groves, 2001; Warren et al, 2001), namely: 1) Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus spread in the North West Kalimantan (TN. Betung Kerihun, TN Lake Sentarum and vicinity), North to the Northeast Kapuas River Sarawak. 2) Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii has spread in Borneo Southwest, including the southern part of the Kapuas River in the TN. Sebangau and 3) the western part of the Barito River. Pongo pygmaeus morio limited to the eastern part of Sabah and Kalimantan so far Mahakam River.

Currently the species in the wild Borneo Orangutan highly threatened and vulnerable to extinction. Borneo Orangutan defined by IUCN as "endangered" (precarious) and listed in Appendix I of CITES, which means both animals and all products derived from it (flesh, skin, hair, nails, dirt, etc.) should not be traded anywhere.

In Indonesia, orangutans are protected by laws and regulations that exist are the Wild Animals Protection Ordinance No. 233 of 1931, Act 5 of 1990 concerning Conservation of Biological Resources and Ecosystems, Regulation 7 of 1999 on Preservation of Flora and Fauna and the Decree of the Ministry of Forestry. 301/Kpts-II/1991.

Orangutans live solitary spring (likely their own), they are arboreal animals (a lot more activity in the trees) that are large, have a wide range area (1-2 km / day), and long life (can be more than 50 years). Orangutan important role in seed dispersal to maintain the balance of the ecosystem. Absence Orangutan in the forest could lead to the extinction of a species that spread depends on these primates.

Orangutan survival of tropical forests depends on the form the habitats, ranging from lowland forests, swamps, Heath, to the forested mountains with an altitude of approximately 1800 m asl (Payne, 1987 and van Schaik et al, 1995). In Borneo Orangutan populations altitude about 500-800 m above sea level. As living beings who depend on the forests, orangutans can be regarded as the best representative of the structure of the biological diversity of tropical rain forests are of high quality. Therefore, the orangutan can be used as an umbrella species (umbrella species) for the conservation of tropical rainforests.

Adult male orangutans cheeked (Maias Capan - Dayak Iban language) is twice the adult females or adult males are not cheeked (Maias Timbau - discuss Dayak Iban). Adult female orangutans can be found running along with small children, while her pre-teen or adult (Maias Kesak - Dayak Iban Language) is an independent life and began looking for a partner. Oragutan female is ready to reproduce (bear) at the age of about 14 years old with long gestation 8-9 bulan.Setiap orangutan born only produce one baby with a spacing of 7-9 years (Wich et al, 2009).

Orangutan including omnivorous animals, but most of them only eat plants and 90% of the food in the form of fruits sehngga called frugivores. In addition, they eat bark, leaves, flowers, lianas and some insects. To date from the station - a research station in the area spreading (West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, Aceh and North Sumatra) recorded more than 1000 species of plants, small animals and fungi into food orangutan (Rodman, 1973; MacKinnon, 1974; Rijksen, 1978; Galdikas, 1988; Utami and van Hooff, 1997, Ruson et al, 2009).

Usually Orangutan mother will teach her how to get food and drinks of different types of trees in different seasons. Through this, it can be seen that the orangutan turns out to have a complex forest site maps in their brains, so they do not waste energy when searching for food. And his son can also find a variety of trees and plants, which can be eaten and how to process foods protected by a shell and sharp spines.