population Orang Utan

Borneo Orangutan
Latin Name: Pongo pygmaeus

Based on genetic studies of orangutan in Borneo, there are three sub-species of orangutans that have been identified, namely Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus is found in northwestern Borneo, Borneo Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii in the middle, and Pongo pygmaeus morio in northeast Borneo. Of the three sub-species of the Bornean orangutans, Pp wurmbii is a sub-species with the greatest relative body size, while Pp Morio is a sub-species with the smallest relative body size.

In 2004, scientists estimated that the total population of orangutans on the island of Borneo, both in Indonesia and Malaysia, there are about 54 thousand people. Among the three sub-species of the Bornean orangutans, Pp pygmaeus is a sub-species of the least and endangered, with an estimated population of 3,000 to 4.500 individuals in West Kalimantan and Sarawak little, or less than 8% of the total population of Bornean orangutans.

Physical Description
Bornean orangutans are part of the great ape family and are the largest arboreal mammal.
Animals have long hair and tousled dark brownish red, the colors on the face ranging from pink, red to black.
Weight of adult male Bornean orangutans could reach 50 to 90 kg and height 1.25 to 1.5 m. While males females weigh 30-50 kg and height of 1 m.
Parts of the body such as the arms length not only serves to grab foods such as fruits, but also to swing from tree to tree, using reach and distance for a solid grip.
Temples like cushions held by an adult male Bornean orangutans make these animals face look bigger. However, not all adult male Bornean orangutans have a forehead like a pillow.
Owned Adam's apple can be inflated to produce a loud noise, which is used to call and tell their existence.

Ecology and Habitat
Borneo Orangutan more common in lowland forest (below 500 m above sea level) than in the highlands. Forests and peatlands is the center of the range area orangutan, as more fruiting plants produce large compared to the dry dipterocarp forest and lots of tall trees have large woody, like keruing. Borneo Orangutan particularly vulnerable to disturbances in their habitat, although Pp morio showed unexpected tolerance relative degradation of the habitat in the northern part of Borneo Island.

Threat
All sub-species of Bornean orangutans are endangered and fully protected by the laws of Indonesia. These species are classified into categories by CITES Appendix I (species that are prohibited from international commercial trade because it is very vulnerable to extinction). Some of the major threats faced by Bornean orangutans are habitat loss, illegal logging, forest fires, poaching and trade to be a pet orangutan. In the last decade, in every year, there are at least 1.2 million hectares of Indonesia's forests have been used for the activities of large-scale logging, illegal logging and forest conversion for agriculture, plantations, mining, and settlement. Forest fires caused by climate phenomena such as El Nino storms and prolonged droughts also result in reduced population of orangutans. Over the last 2o years, Borneo orangutan habitat is reduced at least about 55%.

WWF conservation efforts in Borneo Orangutan
WWF is working with various stakeholders such as the Indonesian government, organizations and local communities, to save and reduce damage to orangutan habitat. The three components of WWF in implementing conservation activities in the Heart of Borneo orangutan is:

Memfaslitasi the creation of a network of protected areas as a protected area for key species, such as protected areas orangutanMenghubungkan with 'wildlife corridors' to be managed carefully, ensuring orangutans and other species can move freely in it.
Ensure all other areas within and on the borders of the Heart of Borneo whose status can not be maintained as protected forests managed in a sustainable manner. More than 70% population of Bornean orangutans is estimated to be outside the protected areas, with the majority being within the concession area. WWF research shows that Borneo orangutans to survive in the forest concessions, if the impact is reduced through the implementation logging Sustainable Forest Management, is selective logging, integrity fruiting trees are preserved, and the activities are strictly controlled hunting.
Pull through awareness campaigns about orangutan conservation kapada community groups, particularly local communities living adjacent to orangutan habitat.

WWF also has run several orangutan conservation programs in West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. In West Kalimantan, WWF conservation work is focused on Pp pygmaeus Kerihun Betung National Park and Sentarum Lake National Park, as well as the wildlife corridor that is in between. Both parks are located in Kapuas Hulu. Meanwhile, the concession areas in Ketapang District, West Kalimantan is targeted to sub-species protection Pp wurmbii. In Central Kalimantan, orangutan conservation WWF's work focused on orangutans berhabitat Sebangau National Park